Driving Statistics in Utah

In the statistics I read, I found that in every category there was â€Å"speeding too fast†. Obviously that is a problem in Utah. In my experience with drivers, I have noticed that many people speed and don’t even realize that they are doing so. I think that speeding is a problem because so many people die from it. On the page it stated that â€Å"15. 2%† of people die from speeding and that â€Å"14. 7%† of teens die from speeding. I will admit that it is shocking that those percentages are so high. I didn’t expect that many deaths from just going to fast in a car.It has brought new light into my mind that people need to be more aware of how fast they go. Another thing that really took me by surprise is the percentages of overcorrections. The deaths in people are â€Å"7. 9%† and teens are â€Å"8. 8%†. Those percentages are lower than I had expected them to be. In my own life, I have had a number of people dear to my heart die from o vercorrection. I am not saying that there should be more, but that I have noticed more deaths from overcorrections than speeding, running of the road, or failure to keep in proper lane.It is a dangerous thing that is deadly and shows that it is important to be aware of your actions. On the Top Five Reasons Teens Crash on Utah Highways, I noticed that it says â€Å"Driver Distraction 7. 5%†. I wondered if that included texting and assumed it did. I’m guessing that the majority of those crashes were because of texting. There are so many people who don’t realize that it is a huge distraction and looking away for a few seconds, can make a difference. In my own life I have seen many teens around my age texting and driving and thinking it doesn’t matter when it really does. One text message could make the difference.

The Relationship Between Incarnation and Creation

Incarnation and creation are some of the most discussed subjects in the field of theology and religion. This is a subject area in which God as a source of inspiration, man, and the world the actual nature of the relationship exists between different theologies. Meanwhile creation comes in the mind when we think of the old earth and the new earth. Old earth in a sense states that God created it and then filled it with animals and plants. Meanwhile, the new earth is all about the new creation when Jesus became incarnate because of our relationship with God.In this essay, the intention is to try and find out how incarnation is related to creation in the biblical doctrines. What really is the incarnation and how does it come out clearly from the biblical point of view. What is creation which we see in the opening books of the bible and how is it related to the birth of Jesus Christ. This paper is bound to define the terms appropriately while looking at the relationship between incarnatio n and creation. Books in focus will be by T. F. Torrance who based his research on Christian theology.According to Gunther Pratz in his paper the relationship between incarnation and atonement in the theology, Thomas Torrance believed that Niceno-constantinople creed with its central place accorded to Jesus Christ seemed to be the prime and most valid starting point for discussion in Christology [1]. The Greek patristic theology will be our concern in this paper. The word incarnation was adopted during the 12th century from the Norman-French, which in turn had taken the word over from the Latin ‘incarnatio’ [2].This word ‘incarnatio’ corresponds to the Greek sarkosis or ensarkosis from the gospel according to John 1:14 and the word was made flesh. Surely this mystery lies beyond human investigation and are believed on the strength of God’s word. The word was in place and the word became man is the biblical mystery which the gospel according John expl ains vividly. Torrance seems to share the view as the Greek Fathers and their non-dualistic theology in which incarnation and atonement are very inseparable. Christ is the beginning ‘The Alpha’, ‘The first’.His person is itself the source of creation. Just as the word as indicated in the Gospel according to John that the word became flesh, it is indeed true that Jesus is eternally other from the Father and the foundation for all else that is other than Him. The bible in Genesis does talk about God in plural meaning He the triune God existed before, during creation and after creation and hence the incarnation. God simply uses the word WE without telling it openly of who he is with at the time of creation.But when finally He becomes flesh, then it becomes truth that He was and his word has become flesh. It is therefore true to say that Christ is nature and forever from the Father in the spirit. This shows that the spreading of goodness of the triune God, whos e being is outwardly curled. God became flesh simply because he wanted to reveal himself to the sinful nature of man. He wanted man to realize that he was the truth to believe in at all times in-order to be saved.The incarnated God who is the son would be the mediator between God and men, the man being Christ Jesus who gave himself to liberate man from sin and to renew the broken relationship of man with God. Karl Barth writes, â€Å"If we understand eternity as pre-time – and we must understand in this way too – we have to recognize that eternity itself bears the name Jesus Christ. † [3] Torrance believes that this relational coherence and oneness of the Father and the Son in the Spirit of God as fundamental to knowing God for who He truly is [4].He writes in The Trinitarian Faith, ‘Thus, they (the Nicene fathers) rejected any idea that the Son is from a being other than God, or that he is Son of God only through partaking of God, and stated quite definit ely and unambiguously that the Son is of the very being of God and is God in precisely the same sense in which the Father is God, for he is uniquely and completely one with him [5]. While looking at this issue, I noticed that Athanasius also believed in the incarnation. He looks at it from the point of the creeds which drew much attention in the early years of the world.Torrance points out with Athanasius that this shows a dual movement from God to humanity and from humanity to God which is concerned in the mediation of Christ Jesus. The gospel is very clear that Christ is really God having become human like. Jesus Christ is God’s act which is God acting personally and immediately as man through him and thus at once in a celestial and in person manner. Torrance goes on to say that even though Jesus comes as human being, he does not indeed combine the two realities of being divine and at the same time being human.But he admits that we must rather think of Christ as God coming to us as human. It is therefore true to say that God the creator has come to His own creation as one of the creatures he has made but at the same time remains the creator, the creating and underneath force behind everything. Yet I wish to make it clear that even though he came down as one of the creatures, he never stopped being divine. Because of whom Jesus is and what He mediates is one and the same, we must be aware that He is not just an agent of that mediation to us but is the mediator of a divine revelation and reunion.He is in his own personal identity and reality. It is because of this that the gospel witnesses to us that Jesus Christ does not just come to us by bearing the word of God but as being the word of God. Torrance believes that if we agree to separate the Person and the word or work of Christ Jesus, our way of appreciating the gospel will diminish and finally break down at the end. I have taken the pain of exploring what incarnation could be before taking the issue s about creation which would actually be the beginning of my paper.This I did because I believe that incarnation is the core of Christian beliefs and the center of many discussions. Torrance who follows the lead of Athanasius, understands the atoning redemption to happen within the meditorial life and Person of the incarnate Christ Jesus. Athanasius believes that Jesus Christ came to save the whole human being, body and soul including human affections and mind, that Jesus Christ, the incarnate son of God, came to redeem by becoming fully human being himself which in the end effected our salvation in and through the very humanity he appropriated from us.So God becoming human being was for a reason that the broken relationship be once again be mended. He has made our sin and death his own that we may partake of his divine life and righteousness. However it is true to say that if everything He did including appropriating from us our body and soul making them his own were incomplete and inferior, then everything that Christ did by offering himself as a sacrifice for our sake would be meaningless.â€Å"We can see that, like the Greek Fathers, Torrance closely links the personal and the ontological in his account of the incarnational redemption. † By making himself one with us and through the incarnation, Jesus Christ did not just correct our human nature to himself but indeed took our lost state which is headed for conviction and death. His main intention was to take our place of sin and substitute it by discharging our debts and also by presenting Himself in atoning sacrifice to God for us.He hence crushed the power of sin and its strongholds in death and redeemed man from its control. Torrance in his on conviction and the convictions of the Greek fathers insisted that incarnation and atonement have to be thought together in terms of their intrinsic coherence in the divine-human Person of the mediator. May I now turn to the discussion on creation which is s uperbly the basis of our being here on earth. Without creation, we cannot discuss incarnation and without incarnation we may not have power to discuss atonement that I have touched on shallowly.Creation is hence not a floating reality which has no ground but something beginning in the son, crafted by Him, joins together in Him and headed towards Him as His inheritance. While God’s being reaches out towards the other which is simultaneously a being that draws the other in bonds of love. Some theories about the making of the universe and the creation of all things have emerged over the years. For example some people say that all things were self-originated and disorganized. Among the people are Epicureans who deny that there was a mind behind all this.This is very opposite to all experiences which may include their existence. For if everything came the way they say, then everything would be in one form and without distinction. Others take the view of Plato who said that God mad e everything out of pre-existence and uncreated matter, just as carpenter makes things only out of wood that already exists. The Gnostics simply closed their eyes to the obvious meaning of scripture. An example is when God reminded the Jews of the statement in Genesis, â€Å"He who created them in the beginning made male and female and because of that they should leave their parents and cleave to one another.Gen. 2:23ff. What therefore God has put together let no man separate. The gospel according to St. John says that â€Å"All things became by Him and without Him came nothing into being. † How then can the artificer be different other than the Father of Christ? There is need to understand that by faith the world s were framed by the word of God so that the things we see did not come into being out of things that had previously appeared . Creation being the genesis of everything on earth gives the opening connotation that everything begun from then.The way of life and how m an was given the power of dominion over all the creatures of the earth is the source of our base of argument. Biblical creation in Genesis, tells us how God did his things. One would ask if it is true that the six days of creation was the normal counting days we believe in today. But the Bible is very straight in stating to us that God’s time is not our time. The bible may have meant that one thousand years represented one day. Creation in the book of Genesis can be hence being termed as both physical and spiritual.The relationship between incarnation and creation comes in place on several occasions. They are closely intertwined and cannot be separated easily. Incarnation is the new creation when God becomes incarnate. The word becomes flesh and so a new beginning for the walk of life. God comes in flesh to die for the sins of the world and hence making the way for new creation. Incarnation opens the doors to the new creation which is the formation of the Kingdom of God. Man becomes a child of God when he surrenders to follow Christ in His fullness.God fulfills his new covenant with man by becoming incarnate to redeem man from the bondage of sin. The old covenant was with Abraham when He called him to go to the land of promise. This does not end here but brings clearly what God wanted us to go through when He brings out the Israelites from slavery in Egypt through Moses. But this does end here; the presence of Jesus Christ is felt even at the time of Babylon’s opposition to God. The presence of God in every walk of life right from the beginning brings a clear understanding of I AM sayings in the New Testament.When we are face to face with Jesus Christ when reading the bible, we are actually face to face with God. This means that the triune God or the trinity of God is the basis on which the Christian faith is embedded upon. The I AM sayings from the gospel according is the authority God asserts when He speaks to us to show us that He is in Jesus Christ and in Christ He lives and dwells. These sayings are as a result of His need that we know vividly about his coming and how He lived in our midst. The story does not end here but gives an account of how he died ad later resurrected.Whilst it is true to say that this sayings were mystery, they were indeed the truth that God is Who He was and Who HE is now and forever. The incarnation makes it clear that He is indeed Lord of Lords. John McKenna says â€Å"The eternity of the world and the temporal nature of our kind at the center of the cosmos was an enigma to be resolved by learning to cavort with the heavenly and changeless forms, by leaving the morass of the temporal and saving all appearances in the eternity of a creator's heavens†. This forms the basis of Messianic hope.He is indeed the light of the world during the time in the Old Testament but also during the time in the New Testament where the bible gives the background of where Jesus is coming from. In the gospel according to Matthews, the opening of the text begins by explaining the ancestors of Jesus. This implies that God brings us the His history to help us know of the new creation or the new Adam. Jesus comes from the house of David and of Abraham. Christ confronts the Jews his people because he comes from within and so he knows the way of life here.This makes it easy for him to talk them from their perspective without fear. The bible goes on to say in various texts for instance in the letter of Paul to Corinthians that in 2 Corinthians 4:4-6 we read: The god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers, so that they cannot see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God. For we do not preach ourselves, but Jesus Christ as Lord, and ourselves as your servants for Jesus' sake. For God, who said ‘Let light shine out of darkness.Made his light shine in our hearts to give us the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Christ. His beco mes the light that shines in the world to bring His glory. He is the beginning, the ‘Alpha’ and has lived now and shall live forever ‘Omega’. He is the almighty at all costs and has the key to every door. Apocalyptic text in the bible which is Revelation draws it statements from the fact that there will be neither sun nor moon in the city of God since it does not need them.Work citedMichael Green, The Truth of God Incarnate (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1977), ed. , pp. 36-39.Ibid, pp. 39-41.Clement of Alexandria, toward the close of the 2nd cent. A. D. cites diverse views concerning the date of Christ’s birth among early churchmen (Stromata, Bk. 1, Ch. 21).Leon Morris, The Gospel According To John, (Eerdmans, 1971), p. 365, 473-4.Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics, II. 1, p. 622.T. F. Torrance, The Christian Doctrine of God, One Being, Three Persons (T & T Clark, 1996), pp. 118-127.

Behavioral Patterns and Projective Test

Personality depicts the unique thinking that defines the character of a certain individual. In order to understand the means of a certain individual’s personality, psychologists constructed a lot of different personality measurement. The most common measurement is done through the means of examination. Test or personality test is the most common conducted personality scale; this is where a certain individual is provided questions regarding his/her mood, personality itself, and other personal characteristics.One example of the measurements created by certain psychologist is the Big Five Personality Measurement. The structure of this personality measurement is said to be constructed on a hierarchical model of an individual’s personality traits. This measurement is structured with 5 and 10-itemed inventories which are to be evaluated. This is a short-time personality test and is used when there are situations which need a short-time-consuming personality measurement (Gosli ng, 2003). Another measurement is the Mood Survey which is the measurement used for measuring a certain individual’s sad and/or happy mood.This includes a questionnaire about mood, a personality scale instrument to determine whether sad or happy mood and the conducted mood surveys (Bill Underwood, 1980). The Mood survey is explained having two particular subscales namely the Level and Reactivity. These said factors or subscales are interrelated essentially that has an unchanging advantage on a certain state of mood scale. This is effective both in depicting a certain person’s personality characteristics and figuring out new idea about the origin and causes of mood and mood change (Bill Underwood, 1980).These two measurements are tested and were already used by psychologists in order to explain or define a certain individual’s personality so as to its origin, factors, and or reasons of change. References Bill Underwood, W. J. F. (1980). The Mood Survey: A Persona lity Measure of Happy and Sad Moods. Journal of Personality Assessment, 44(4), 404-414. Gosling, S. D. , Rentfrow, P. J. , & Swann, W. B. , Jr. (2003). A Very Brief Measure of the Big Five Personality Domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504-528.

Structural Fires and Structural Failures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Structural Fires and Structural Failures - Essay Example Efforts started in 1980 to keep track of fires and take measures to reduce structural failures and after three decades, the damages in casualties as well as property reduced by almost fifty percent. Structures were classified into different types to better access the parameters and predict the time the fire takes to consume the structure. This classification also gives firefighters better assessment to fight or counter fires. The speed by which fires spread throughout the structure depends on three major factors; oxygen source, fuel and the heat source. Oxygen is necessary for burning and air is the primary source, the interior of the structure provides fuel source for burning and different components burn with different speeds, and finally; some elements of the structure contribute towards the heat source which raises the air temperature to a point where everything bursts into flame and it is known as flashover. Structural fires reaching flash point are almost impossible to control and often lead to structural failure. Structure Types Structural fires are classified as per type of structures, depending on their external and internal composition of construction materials. Since every material burns with a different rate and in turn produces heat as well as smoke. Heat released contributes towards raising temperature of local air, which results in flash over. Every structure has different set of materials and that is why each structure takes different time to reach flash over. The structures are classified into five types with ascending rates of burning. Type I consists of structures with steel and concrete used to provide structural strength, making it the most resistant to fires. Type II uses steel to reinforce the structure of the roof, which provides additional support for the structure and in particular delays roof collapse. Type III is ordinary structures with exterior and interior made of brick and mortar, which are non-combustible. The interior may also have laminated or fire retardant wooden floors. Type IV is heavy timber structures which rely on timber to reinforce the structure, however, the exterior walls are made from bricks. Type V are wooden structures with wood used to form the basic frame of the structure, as well as, exterior and interior (Dunn, 2013). In simple, structures with steel and concrete, that is Type I and II, are the most resistant to fire as they are capable of handling heat generated for longer durations, whereas, structures with wood, either interior or exterior are destroyed at a faster rate, which includes Type IV and V. Occupancy Types Occupancy type involves type of activity the structure is designed for and therefore, classified accordingly for fire hazards. Structural fires are a result of human actions and the type of occupancy dictate regulations for a specific structure. Some of the groups among this classification include Assembly, Business, Education and Factories. These groups are subdivided de pending on type of activities carried out within the structure. In general, fire hazard increase with increase in the number of occupants within the structure as well as the scope of activity. Factories are more susceptible to fires than any other group, because, they involve manufacturing and storage. The materials involved are much more hazardous and chances of fires are much

Controversy analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Controversy analysis - Essay Example The bottled water industry opposes the views that their products are not environmentally friendly. They stress the efforts of the industry to recycled bottled waters, and they underscore that many other consumer products have larger ecological footprints than bottled water (Foley). Should bottled water be banned in local communities with safe tap water? Tap water has been criticized for quality issues, and so several individuals and organizations insist that the public is entitled to access to bottled water. Stephen C. Edberg, director of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Yale-New Haven Hospital and professor of Laboratory Medicine, Internal Medicine and Chemical Engineering at Yale University, explains why bottled water is the preferred choice for many citizens. He notes that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) assessed that tap water has limited filtration and disinfection processes, so it advised the public that: â€Å"Because you cannot be sure if your tap water is safe, you may wish to avoid tap water, including water or ice from a refrigerator ice-maker, which is made with tap water and/or drink bottled water.† If the CDC already knows that tap water is not entirely safe, it is clear why many people continue to buy bottled water. Furthermore, Edberg shows that bottled water is safer than tap water because the former goes through several filtration processes. He stresses that while tap water undergoes less specialized filter and disinfection processes bottled water, such as adding chlorine only, bottled water employs â€Å"a more controlled process that can avoid external contamination from the source through the bottling process.† Bottled waters are also hygienically sealed, which seals in freshness and quality, while tap water cannot make the same claims (Edberg). Banning bottled water can expose citizens to

Administrative Challenges Employers can expect with Current Health Research Paper

Administrative Challenges Employers can expect with Current Health Exchanges - Research Paper Example Heath exchanges are significantly important despite the cost and implementation challenges. Despite the positive contributions of the health exchange, employers face administrative challenges including training needs for employees, cost control challenges, compliance complexity and procedural difficulties. Employers need to train their employees on how to use the health exchange marketplace to suit the health insurance needs of their families, including how to use the price calculator to determine the amount of subsidies (HealthCare.gov, 2015). Employers also expect cost control challenges because the healthcare exchange will require them to provide medical benefits and attempt to reduce the cost burden associated with the current health exchange (Kingsdale & Bertko, 2015).Complying with the health exchange is also complex for employers because they need to monitor their health insurance plan to ensure that they achieve compliance with minimum standards of the health exchange (Pauly and Herring, 2007). The procedure for obtaining coverage for several employees through the health exchange marketplace is also challenging because it takes time and may be costly. Employers can, therefore, expect several challenges with the current health exchange including training needs for employees, cost control challenges, compliance complexity, and procedural difficulties. These challenges are experienced because the health exchange brings new methods of complying with insurance requirements for employees. The implementation of the Affordable Care Act continues to burden the administration of employees’ processes for a greater part of employers. In fact, the likelihood of the Supreme Court to uphold a ruling by a lower court opposing the legitimacy of the federal marketplaces is taking the place of state managed. According to Sally Doubet King and James McEllgot, who have a partnership at McGuire Woods LLP,

Communication strategy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Communication strategy - Term Paper Example Purpose for the communication strategy B. Mission of the company C. Situation analysis D. Business objectives E. Communication goals and objectives F. Key themes and messages G. Conclusion and recommendation Through the sections listed above, a strategy based on internal communication, media relations and partners-stakeholders communication is presented. Thank you. A. Purpose Due to globalization and rapid economic growth, multinational firms are becoming very prevalent. Due to this, managers are faced by intercultural communication challenges. According to Hofstede (1980), culture is the software of the mind and as such it has the ability to influence behaviors and thinking patterns of people. The way people function and interact in their day to day lives is a product of mental conditioning. . According to Steyn (2000), communication offers the only way by which team members can work together to achieve the goals of an organization. B. Mission This plan aims at increasing the brand awareness of the company’s merchandise in the Canadian market. The company has garnered a lot of success in Russia and Finland has not ventured much into the Canadian market. The company thus intends to penetrate the Canadian sports industry by supplying hockey sticks. The company has already signed contracts with various Canadian sporting goods chains that will begin selling their merchandise in February 2014. While the Canadian stores will handle the point-of-sale marketing, it is important for the company to raise awareness of its goods in Canada thus creating the foundation for a strong market share. C. Situation Analysis The most important issue affecting the company is the lack of an effective marketing base in Canada. While the company has had some success in other company, entry to a new market with vastly different cultural background may prove difficult. Basically, the company has to contend the cultural gap between the two countries while also proving that their me rchandise is up to par. By instituting these changes, the company itself will experience substantial growth. Communication effectiveness will also make it easier for point-of-sale marketing efforts to progress much better. Internal communication in the company is also set to improve thus improving the overall position of the company. Some of the communication issue that the company wishes to address re as follows. First, the company has to improve communication between the parent company in Pohang, Korea and various partners all over Canada. The second communication issue is raising the awareness of the Canadian market on the company’s merchandise. Finally, the company seeks to set up an effective communication channel with its shareholders thus ensuring the financing of marketing efforts progresses smoothly. At the moment, the company has access to a lot many communication infrastructures. The advent of the internet has enabled communication efforts to be simplified at a che aper price. National media such as newspapers, television and stadium electronic boards provide another avenue the company can utilize. The implementation of the company’s communication efforts is best implemented by the Canadian section of the company. The company can utilize its various partners in Canada in order to develop an effective communications team that has a better grasp of the Canadian economic and social scene. The communication strategies employed will only be deemed successful if the

Classical Societies, 500 BCE to 500 CE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Classical Societies, 500 BCE to 500 CE - Essay Example Great, the decline of the Persian Empire, the Roman Republic and the fall of the Roman empire, the rise of Christianity, the Mauryan and Gupta empires in the sub-continent, and the Qin and Han dynasties of China. What made the societies classical are the golden ages that existed because of the times of peace, great strides in development and progress, and ideas that have endured beyond their time. The classical period saw both the clash of the rising Persian Empire with the Greeks and Romans, and its weakening. At the start of the classical period, the Persian Empire formed earlier under Cyrus the Great was already at its greatest extent now under Darius I who led his conquering armies eastwards to the Indus river, central Asia, Egypt, Libya and some parts of Europe. At this time in history, the huge Persian Empire formed an important bridge between Eastern Europe and the sub-continent uniting a diversity of peoples. Throughout the classical period Persia had to contend with continuous wars with other civilizations in close proximity beginning with the Greeks in the Greco-Persian wars. In the battle of Marathon (490 BCE) a huge Persian army had gathered against the smaller number of Athenian forces but failed because the Greeks had trapped them to attack from the mountainside. A later attempt under Xerxes gave the Persians another opportunity at the battle of Thermopylae (480 BCE). This time the Spartans aided the Athenians, but the Persian army was overwhelming and they went on to capture Athens. In another battle of Salamis, a large Persian fleet was destroyed by the Greeks using similar trapping tactics as they had used at Marathon. This loss made Xerxes withdraw most of his forces from Greece, and the remaining Persian army was then defeated again at the battle of Plateau. This ended all Persian hopes of expansion into Europe. There were further wars with the Greeks when Alexander the Great became king. Alexander carried out his father’s plans of

Diminishing Returns Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diminishing Returns - Essay Example This article is a write up about how the law of diminishing returns has affected the popularity and profitability of the social media. The write up focuses on the idea of applications and advertisements on the social media sites having been stretched too far. Facebook is undoubtedly the most popular social media website operating in the present world. Apart from Facebook, other common social media sites are Instagram, Tumblr, Twitter, SnapChat and Tinder. Facebook is widely used and is an active medium of advertisement by businesses. However, the number of users of Facebook seems to have reached a stagnation level. The overuse of applications and third party advertisements seems to have clouded the interests of the Facebook users. The law of diminishing returns can be applied to the stagnant user profiles of Facebook through the evaluation that the increase in the number of advertisements have led to a decrease in the interests of the avid users of Facebook. The law of diminishing re turns is applicable for Facebook and other social media sites as well because the use of extensive applications have created the need for Facebook and other social media sites to make their active users become more interested to use the platforms of these sites (Gerber, 2014). The social media sites try to attract the attention of their users to different businesses through the advertisements in the sites. However, Facebook and other social media sites can be identified to have missed the consideration of the customer cognition levels.

Providing visual support Essay Example for Free

Providing visual support Essay Nancy is 24 year old women and a house wife by profession. She is disabled by birth and totally dependant on wheelchair. She stays with her husband, who is software professional and busy most of the time. Being a housewife, Nancy has vey little technology knowledge and finds it difficult to use technology spontaneously. Nancy doesn’t want her disability to become her weakness and wants to work like a normal housewife, like cooking for her husband, washing utensils etc. She wants a kitchen which is universally designed and where she should be able to work effectively like a normal person with ease of use and learning being her first priority. How should an interior designer design a universally designed kitchen keeping in mind people like Nancy? †¢ Making the height of the kitchen cabinet, Cook top, Microwave stand accessible by wheelchair. †¢ Having an adjustable-height cabinets, can help all users to use them effectively. Also customizable design which can be changed based on user preferences also makes design effective and more usable. †¢ Having a removable sink and drying rack will give sufficient space for food preparation. This can again be re-fitted as and when required. Thus giving flexibility to people like Nancy or old aged people, who can’t stand and cook. †¢ Foldable cabinet doors under cooktop, providing sufficient knee space. †¢ Providing visual support can also help users to use kitchen more easily and effectively. †¢ Voice based support in kitchen can also be a good idea, thus making design accessible for people with low vision. †¢ Automated dishwasher or microwave system can help them easily placing dish without much effort. Let’s see some examples of universally designed kitchens Persona 3. He is a retired professional and stays alone in his 2 bedroom apartment which is on the 10th floor. He finds it difficult to walk and climb stairs and also have sight problem. Rodney has very little technology knowledge and finds it difficult to remember things, due to his growing age. He depends on electronic wheelchair most of the time. He needs an elevator system in his apartment which can accommodate his wheelchair also, making his life easy at this age. How can we make a universally designed elevator? †¢ Increasing the width of the elevator hence giving ample space to use wheelchairs and thus making it approachable †¢ Big display screen, which displays the floor details big and clear, thus accommodating people like Rodney to use it with ease †¢ Voice based support system, which informs the user which floor the user is in, can also help the disabled user to use them effectively. Let’s see example of a universally designed elevator Conclusion: Irrespective of age, ability or disability and situations, every has the right to effectively use any products or services, hence designers should always be conscious about this fact and implement their design ideas to serve one and everyone. This is what universal design means. Bibliography http://idea.ap.buffalo.edu/ http://www. design. ncsu. edu/cud/about_ud/udprincipleshtmlformat. html#top Frascara J. , (1997), User-Centred Graphic Design: Mass Communication and Social Change, Taylor Francis, London

Effects Of Nuclear Power On American Society Politics Essay

Effects Of Nuclear Power On American Society Politics Essay The issue of nuclear power has always been at the center of attention and public dispute, especially nowadays with the energy crisis and the limited fossil fuels. It is mainly countries within the western system, such as the US, the UK and France that have acquired the technology to support nuclear power.  [1]  American society and identity have been shaped by a self-portrait of super-power that keeps the order.  [2]  Nuclear power has been one of the most powerful weapons that consolidated American identity and established her as the big power of the world. During the Second World War American power was shown to the world with the testing of the first A-bomb. During the Cold-War era the USA competed with the USSR and Great Britain, as to who had the best and nuclear weapons and plants as part of the deterrence doctrine.  [3]   Today nuclear energy is spreading and the USA is thought of as its motherland with the largest number of plants in the world. America presents its need for nuclear power with emphasis on the words security and economic leadership: To maintain our economic leadership and strengthen our energy security America must start building nuclear power plants [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] Your industry has come a long way during the recent decades and I am confident that greater progress lies ahead. By expanding our use of nuclear power we can make energy supply more reliable, our environment cleaner and our nation more secure for future generations. May God bless you all.  [4]  There is a massive debate about how safe production of energy from nuclear power is and if it is worth the financial and environmental cost. Emblematic is the Three Mile Island Plant that was at the same time both a failure and a success story as it recovered from the accident when President Carter visited the station and conti nues to operate efficiently to the day. The question this essay poses is: To what extent does nuclear power affect American Identity? In this essay I will set out to look into the ways that nuclear power has affected, and is affecting, American society. How this technological society has accepted its nuclear future and how nuclear power is becoming the new emblem of the New American Dream as part of an energy-autonomous and sustained America. . Emblematic is the Three Mile Island Plant that was at the same time both a failure and a success story as it recovered from the accident when President Carter visited the station and continues to operate efficiently to the day with a license extension until 2034.  [5]   Three Mile Island  [6]  today Main Body The New Energy Regime and the New American Dream The World today suffers from economic, climate and energy crisis. The energy crisis is a major global problem since fossil fuels in general are limited and do not constitute renewable sources, as do solar energy and wind. However, extracting and storing solar and wind energy is not considered very efficient. Therefore nuclear energy, as supported by many scientists is a way to solve this crisis. The research about nuclear power started in the 1940s for military purposes and more specifically for the atomic bomb, which was based on the chemical process, which is called nuclear fission. The first nuclear power station was founded in the 1950s. U.S. power plant performance has steadily improved in the past 20 years. The USA is the performance leader among the other countries that produce electricity from nuclear energy. Twelve out of the twenty-five top reactors in the whole world are American. Moreover, especially after the establishment of hydroelectric plants, the cost of production of electrical power with nuclear energy is cheaper than the cost of petrol and CO2. Howeve the cost of construction  [7]  , investments for security and technology (which are not always reliable) are immense making the actual cost of effective nuclear power a burden for society.  [8]  Investors consider the high capital costs and the risks of decommissioning cancellations making federal loan guarantees an economically safer option.  [9]  This means that funding basically comes from tax collection. For 10 years now, lobbyists favoring a renaissance in building new U.S. reactors have been lining up financial help from taxpayers. They need this help because these new reactors are far more expensive than other ways of generating or saving electricity. Consequently, private investors wont take the risk of losing a lot of money.  [10]  [delete?[The question is, if the cost is too high, is it socially beneficial?]] The basic argument for the new energy regime, for this very important shift in energy dependence, is climate change. Focusing on the environmental hazards that oil poses while stressing advantages of nuclear power answers well with the American public and its identity as a clean and progressive society. This was evident with the positive response to the documentary Inconvenient Truth that spread ecological consciousness all over the country. Furthermore, taking into consideration that America is a technological society, a society that cannot function without winning  [11]  technology, the combination of clean technological championship makes it self an appealing part of the New American Dream  [12]  , as David Crane puts it a carbon-free American Dream  [13]   Crane: [W]hat I call the Gore Approach [is] based on self-denial: Lets all go back to living without air conditioning and to drying our clothes on the clothes line. Theres another option, though: the Schwarzenegger Approach. Its the American Dream, but its the carbon-free American Dream. SPIEGEL ONLINE: What do you mean by that? Crane: Hes like, I want to drive my Hummer and fly my Gulfstream 4, I just dont want them to produce any greenhouse gas I think its very difficult to get the American people to engage in self-denial. Its just not the American way. The American way is based on consumption. You dont want to change the American way of life, you just want to show them a better way to get there, and nuclear power is a key part of that. The first breakthrough for nuclear power was the connection with global warming. President Barack Obamas speech also finds recurring words in American discourse that point the publics attention to a better life with the right to consumption in an open future of a new world of abundance: To create more of these clean energy jobs we need more production, more efficiency, more incentive. And that means building a new generation of safe, clean nuclear power plants in this country  [14]  (my italics) The American way then is that of Consumption and along those lines we observe a paradigm shift in the same pattern: from oil to nuclear. With the financial crisis nuclear power seems as a way re-invent the economy and the American Future. It is not only environmental concern but a need of energy-independence and the self-sustainability given by autonomy so as not to be dependent on other countries for energy provision: The road to global security lies in lessening our dependence on Middle East oil and making sure that all people on Earth have access to the energy they need to sustain life.  [15]  This passage among others reflects the new product within American society that will provide for all the basic luxuries of the American home through nuclear powered electricity and that will in turn be sold on to the rest of the world. [[Moreover, nuclear power holds a key to national safety by threats from the East which lead American opinion into feeling safer knowing that the country holds the leading nuclear power in the world.]] Environment, Health and Hazards Among the advantages of nuclear energy is that it has much less organic gas emissions than carbon. As far as pollution is concerned, air pollution in the case of the nuclear reactor is minute as opposed to oil and CO2, while nuclear waste takes up much less volume. Nuclear stations however show high thermal pollution especially in the summer season when demand is higher and droughts challenge the capacity.  [16]  There is the risk of radioactive pollution in the case of an accident or leak, not to mention that most plants are situated on rivers for cooling purposes. Not much has been said about the dangers connected to water contamination and its flow into inhabited areas. Nuclear energy might be more friendly to the environment however it is certainly not green, as mentioned by scientist and writer Conrad Miller, MD  [17]  . Radioactive waste, which is a product of the nuclear process, is dangerous to humans, animals and plants.  [18]  According to Miller If you stand th ree feet away [from radioactive waste] for ten seconds it will kill you.  [19]  One very important fact is that the harm of radioactive waste can last from 240,000 to 480,000 years.  [20]  Research has shown that such waste is a cause of many types of cancer and also genetic paramorphosis due to the emitted radiation. In fact babies located near plants have been found to have strontium-90 contaminant in their teeth.  [21]   Waste disposal is of the major problems that advocates of nuclear energy have to face since there is no actual solution at the moment. The Yucca Mountain that is currently used for waste is a problematic area and most of the plants keep waste on site.  [22]   The possibility of an accident is another danger posed by the use of nuclear energy. A possible meltdown could be caused by faults in the reactors or of course by a simple human error. Moreover, if the control rods happen not to function perfectly, then we will be faced with an uncontrollable chain reaction; namely a nuclear bomb. This was the case with the well-known Chernobyl incident.  [23]   American discourse stresses the limitations in security and maintenance of the Chernobyl Power Plant, implying the advantages of American high security and the notion that such accidents could not occur. However, accidents did occur, four of which took place in the U.S.  [24]  One of these incidents took place in March 1979 at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant, which is near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania  [25]  . It has been characterised as the worst nuclear accident in American history according to the documentary Meltdown at Three Mile Island (1999).  [26]  Problems in the function of the cooling system caused automatically an immediate shut down of the reactor.  [27]  Consequently, there arose a public relations crisis  [28]  . Finally after numerous actions the temperature dropped stabilizing the core. Great contradiction characterizes this incident, as there was the question of political image at stake. Washington D.C could not decide whether to evacuate or not. The public grew anxious with the limited evacuation that was ordered and the contradictory suggestions by the scientists. President Jimmy Carter was invited to the site six days after the incident to cool down public opinion and agitation, marking the end of the crisis, despite the fact that radioactive water rested on the floor of the facility. The core meltdown was denied it ever happened. However, in 1982 a camera was placed inside the core that showed severe damage, with 50% of the core having been melted down. It turns out that 20 tons of melted uranium reached the pressure vessel making it a core meltdown, no question about it.  [29]   The book written in 1982 by Philip L. Cantelon and Robert C. Williams about the incident, entitled Crisis Contained, The Department of Energy at Three Mile Island, is the official history of the Department of Energys role during the accident. The book among other things says that there were no city-evacuation plans and if there were, they were soon abandoned. It is claimed that there was no evacuation but a weekend exodus based on what government officials and the media imagined might happen. On Friday confused communications created the politics of fear.  [30]  The insistence to disprove any evacuation plans shows that primary concerns are public relations rather than extreme precaution with whatever the cost on the image. We can therefore see how nuclear plants have become a signifier of American advance and images of infallibility. In February 1st, 2010 the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant suffered an accident when underground pipes deteriorated causing a leak of radioactive tritium into the groundwater supplies.  [31]  [change source?]This made drinking water poisonous for use, thus affecting all living organisms in the area. The Vermont Yankee officials claimed that tritium did not reach the water. The cleanup was still in progress when another leak was found of a more potent radioactive isotope, strontium-90, linked to causes of cancer.  [32]  On the 29th of May, contaminated water was found (containing 13 different radioactive substances) coming from a pipe near the hole that was dug to clear up the initial leak. [delete?[The Entergy Nuclear officials had given misleading information about the existence of underground pipes that were indeed the cause of the leak and contamination of the area.  [33]  This shows how power plants are not as safe or highly preserved as the government wants to emphasize, while the officials go out of their way to mislead and misinform. In addition to the health and environmental hazard the repeated leaks and the cleanup cost 10 million dollars, which the government pays as guarantee of the government-industry partnership and for which it taxes the citizens. Although Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant had been given permission for extension in operation for 20 years after 2012 after the incident a resolution was passed to block the operations. The owners still pressure to have another vote in order to get the permission for the extension. During 2010 protests took place to prevent the passing of the vote, while citizens have been active in the area to influence a shut down of the plant since 1979.  [34]  ]] There are a lot of scientists who are in favour of nuclear energy. Patrick Moore chairman and chief scientist of Greenspirit Strategies Ltd with Christine Todd Whitman are co-chairs of a new industry-funded initiative, the Clean and Safe Energy Coalition that supports the nuclear energy renaissance. Patrick Moore published an article in the 16th April 2006 arguing that although back in the 1970s he was totally against nuclear energy, the past 30 years have changed his views. [delete?[He empowers his position by saying that US CO2 emissions are at a rate of 36% produced by coal-fired electric plants, while 103 nuclear reactors produce 20% of Americas electricity with zero C02 gas emissions]]. As he reports the public response to nuclear power plants is welcoming. Eighty percent of residents within the range of 10 miles from nuclear plants support them, workers not included in this number.  [35]   Politics Moore believes that the dangers of nuclear power are very small in the USA. He commented the will of Iran to have nuclear energy by saying: And although I dont want to underestimate the very real dangers of nuclear technology in the hands of rogue states, we cannot simply ban every technology that is dangerous.  [36]  This somewhat contradictory statement shows how the West has assumed the right to advanced nuclear technologies with, while other states are not qualified enough to do so as they do not belong in the Western canon. Professor of International Politics Keith Krausse has pointed out how, after the Cold War, the communist threat was replaced by the threat of the rogue states in order to fill in the threat vacuum that justifies many sinister actions and the presence of nuclear proliferation.  [37]  Moore supports that things have changed since the time of the Cold War when everything linked to nuclear power seemed to be catastrophic for the whole world. However, as K rausse shows this is not the case, especially when it is American governmental discourse that tries to equate nuclear power in the hands of the rogue states with weapons of mass destruction. American foreign policy and public relations still rest on the deterrence doctrine to maintain a super power image and continue to use military and nuclear resources. US policy-making reflects the aspects that define a society and affect it in ways that will support strategy and its validity. Therefore, US society and self-definition as a major nuclear power (that can defy the Non-proliferation treaty for security) can verify the actions of the state and place the norms for the global structure of international relations. More importantly, Krausse points out that the shaping of the new discourse of danger can justify todays existence of high technology military and nuclear forces that were already existent during the Cold War and continued to be of use in the modern era as a basis for the energy project. There would have been an economic and power vacuum if these resources were not taken advantage of.  [38]  If after the end of the Cold War there was no re-use of all the nuclear resources and discourses in relation to power and enemies of the state, then there would have been a drastic change in the character of the American society.  [39]   Public Opinion and the The Generational Change, 1970s vs 2000s [delete?too strong?[ The economic requirement for the protection of major capital investments is a more demanding constraint than public acceptance  [40]   Before observing how nuclear opposition during the 70s became minute in the 2000s one should question whether it matters at all. For example, legislation on safety issues and nuclear plants as John F. Ahearne indicates gives power to the legal system making decisions about public interest whereby with regard to public participation the majoritys decision effectively denied public an opportunity to participate further in a regulatory process on a significant safety matter.  [41]  ]] A very recent poll conducted in the USA by Bisconti Research Inc. in March 2010 shows that American citizens support nuclear energy. The graph bellow will illustrate in general the opinion that American citizens annually have since 1983. As we can observe 2010 is the year of the highest percentage of public support for nuclear power (74%). More specifically 33% percent out of 74% strongly support nuclear energy, while only the 10% is strongly against. The ratio is 1 to 3. The time when there was the greatest objection to nuclear energy was 1986-1987. It is obvious that this is due to the Chernobyl accident. Since 1988 public opinion has turned in favor of nuclear energy with an increasing rate.  [42]  The survey also shows that more than 72% of the people questioned, agreed to solutions which nuclear energy gives to reduce greenhouse gasses emission. This survey is entitled Public Support for Nuclear Energy at Record High. These figures show how America is becoming a nuclear society with a smashing 70% favoring the building of new plants. [delete?[What is not clear is whether the public perceives the implied future scale of dependence on nuclear energy and the social and ethical implications.  [43]  ]] A survey conducted by Nelkin and Fallows in 1978  [44]  on public opinion and nuclear energy reveals the ways in which the government and nuclear corporations tried to appease the growing opposition that characterized the 1970s. The government to respond somehow to this pressure tries to reduce conflict, win public acceptance and renew faith in governmental authority [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] necessary for continued progress and prosperity  [45]  Indeed as Yarrow shows in his article Selling a New Vision of America to the World during the 1950s onwards the words prosperity, progress and abundance entered all ranks and sections of American society.  [46]  Being the envy of the world with visions of a fabulous future, economics, wealth and consumption became the basic approach to the public mind.  [47]   Nuclear energy was of course a major part of that economic and technological superiority aligned with the abundance that characterized American life. During the 1970s the industry was accused to have conducted an unbalanced campaign for nuclear energy, stressing the hot issue of employment and economic growth, therefore appealing with the promise of jobs and downplaying practical concerns such as safety, nuclear waste and possible contamination.  [48]  Today the same concerns about employment and prosperity trouble society in order to maintain the American standard of living. As Crane points out in his interview with Spiegel Magazine, there is a generational change that accounts for high numbers supporting nuclear power. The new generation does not remember the big accidents, You basically have to be 45 or 50 years old in the US to remember Three Mile Island SPIEGEL ONLINE: You mean to say that people are beginning to forget about the dangers of nuclear power? Crane: There is a perception that the American public is ready for nuclear. Its a combination of things, and one of them is generational change. The overriding concern in this country, just like in Europe, is global warming. The 1970s Opposition warned about the long-term consequences that are implied with the formation of nuclear society. The massive security measures meant and of course still mean giving up civil liberties for scrutiny and surveillance as a precaution to potential nuclear terrorism.  [49]   Public Awareness It is interesting to look into new power discourses that inform public opinion concerning nuclear projects. An article in The Times July 10, 2006 was headlined Danger from radiation is exaggerated say scientists. This article announces the documentary Horizon: Nuclear Nightmares  [50]  that incidentally or even conveniently came out the same week that the government was to announce the start of a new generation of atomic plants. The Times article and the documentary in question, hold that nuclear danger and the Chernobyl legacy is over exaggerated, while low levels of radioactivity may even be beneficial.  [51]  The documentary attributes sickness after the accident not so much to radioactive contamination but to the fear that was harnessed after the Chernobyl incident; namely an emission of fear and hypochondria rather than radioactivity. The number of the direct and indirect victims is suspiciously reduced while the 4,000 cases of childrens thyroid cancer attributed to the Chernobyl incident are here reduced to 9. The animals that were tested in the area were found to have low radiation levels on their skins, but the evolutionary background of humans and weasels differs greatly. A letter of complaint was sent on December 2008 by Richard Bramhall of the Low Level Radiation Campaign to the chairman of the BBC Trust, proving that the documentary was scientifically illiterate and had a biased stance on Chernobyl  [52]  making it a piece of propaganda. Bramhall accuses the documentary for distorting the Chernobyl Forum Report while the Report it self provides no basis for the statements of the so-called radiophobia that is to account for the overloading of the health system.  [53]  The lack of scientific understanding and objectivity makes the whole project subject to heavy criticism. The only conclusion that can be drawn is that the power discourses need to eradicate any opposition and concerns about nuclear power (since the promise that no accidents will ever happen cannot be sustained), in order to enter smoothly into a new nuclear era with all the consequences that this entails: Advertising the benefits of an activity increases public acceptance of a greater level of risk.  [54]  Nuclear energy is advocated as source of autonomy, development and prosperity, giving employment, economic, scientific and political opportunities the characteristics of the new American Dream needed to come out of the current recession years. Media and government promote that nuclear energy is used for environmental purposes leaving out the option of soft-technology and renewable resources. Moreover, the fact that uranium is an exhaustible source that will become harder to extract, therefore more expensive and a source of conflict in the future (just as oil has) is not something frequently mentioned. If the public is presented with nuclear power as the only feasible solution that brings about positive effects then it is not surprising that the percentages in support have risen. Realistic Solutions Nuclear energy does have its assets, and either way, this form of energy has come here to stay due to the massive investments that have taken place over the years. What seems as a better solution is Adm. Bowmans proposition for recycling.  [55]  Since nuclear fuel does not take up too much space, Bowman suggests that the waste should be removed from the neighborhoods and be consolidated in centralized locations away from the public for precautionary reasons. He is careful not to imply that their current locations are dangerous, but not preferable nonetheless. He suggests that the problems of disposal should be reevaluated and that investments should be employed in recycling nuclear plants, in order to recover vast unused energy in the fuel, reduce waste volume and radio-toxicity that mother earth must absorb.  [56]  Currently, 95% of the energy content is being thrown away, which can be exploited and at the same time remove the earths heat load. Bowman argues that since Ameri ca has 300 nuclear plants it is a feasible vision to construct at least one deep geologic repository that will prove more beneficia

Control Of Sulphur Dioxide Environmental Sciences Essay

Control Of Sulphur Dioxide Environmental Sciences Essay SO2 is an kind of industry air pollution mostly from oil and coal consumption , industry activities and traffics.According to research of EAP(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) more than 100 million tons sulphur dioxide is discharged into the atmosphere every year all over the world.In the nature,most of the sulphur emissions are in the H2S(hydrogen sulphide),CS2(carbon disulphide),COS(carbonyl sulphide) and some organic compouds.Through burning,these organics which contain sulphur element discharge the sulphur dioxide to the atmosphere,which is able to lead serious environmental problem and harm humans health.SO2 pollution may cause plants dead in a extremely high speed,and is dissolved easily into the wind,which may cause the acid rain that may distroy the outdoor buildings.The most importantly,high concentrated SO2 in the atmosphere is able to kill people or cause serious ills including bronchitis, emphysema and oculoglandular conjunctivitis.Moreover,the sulfuric acid,is a seco ndary pollutant.When sulphur dioxide is involved in additional chemical reactions,it can react with oxygen and water to sulfuric acid which is the constituent of acid rain.(NATHANSON,J.(1986)) Generally,to solve the serious environmental problem,there are two research torwards in removing sulphur dioxide:pretreatment and afterwards absorbing. No matter what methods people use were all included in such two research directions. Pretreatment means separate the sulfur element from the coal mineral before it was burned. Because the main organises of sulfur element in coal are FeS2 and organic sulfur, generally, in industry people often use independent ways to do separation. For the inorganic sulfur including FeS2, the most traditional way is gravitational segregation which means separate the ore containing sulfur element from the coal with the differences in density. Such method is extremely financial and technical simple, however its effects sometimes are limited. Because of the differentia of the coal ore all over the world, the strainaway rate of the sulfur element is highly different. In some area the gravitational segregation can remove approximately 90% of the sulfur element in coal ore, while in some certain coal mines of 40% of the total sulfur content can be wiped off. For the organic sulfur element, it seems that there is not a efffective pretreatment approach to solve it. What people can do is just absorb the SO2 from burning organic sulfocompound. Unfortunately, because of the complicated organization of organic matter, generally, the sulfur contained in the coal ore would be burned in to a series of sulfocompounds including H2S,CS2,SO,SO2 instead of only SO2.So before people assimilate the SO2, people have to transform these compounds into SO2 first. Nowdays the most common way is fluidized bed. Fludized bed is a kind of organization for gasification of coal which is created by Fritz Winkler of Germany on December 16, 1921. Since the early 1960s, Douglas Elliott put forward that the coal should be burned instead of gasifying coal in a bubbling fluidized bed, because the it can generate steam by immersing boiler tubes. In 1982, the first CFB boiler which can burn low-grade coal was built in the Vereingte Aluminum Werke at Luenen, Germany in 1982 which is designed exclusively for the supply of steam and heat. The general gas-solid fluidizetion has 5 major application: Energy conversion, Petro-chemical processing, Mineral processing, Chemical and pharmaceutical and Physical processing, and the basic one is energy conversion. FIGURE 1.2 Schematic of a high temperature fluidized bed gasifier In general coal would be fed into bubbling fludized bed at 950 degree. Steam would be fed into the base of the fluidized bed through a sparge pipe-type of distributor. Then the coal would leave the hot solids in the bed and the cleaned and used gasification products leave the bed from the top. In this process limestone (CaCO3) and dolomite (CaCO3Â ·MgCO3) would be mixed with the coal ores to abstract the SO2 from the burning.The chemical equation is as follow: (1.1) After the fluidized bed step, there is still approximately 20% SO2 left in the offgas. To solve this SO2, people need some technologies including Calcium-Based Reactions and Sodium-Based Reactions, which were called afterburning absorbing. Until now, there is not a cheap and effective approach.The effective methods usually are expensive and lay a heavy burdon on finance,at the same time ,the cheap ones disable to remove the sulphur dioxide satisfactorily. The major information of this paper includes the benefits and defects of the traditional ways controlling the SO2, the rational of the new aspect: magnetic method, the problems may meet and the solutions of this approach..The ultimate purpose of the assignment is to point out a solution both financial and efficient.All the experiments and theories mentioned in this essay are based on theories and logical deductions. Analysis Advantages Nowdays in technology aspect people are able to control the SO2 letting effectively, after all the steps the SO2 discharged into the atmosphere is less then 1%. Materials of these technologies are all hackneved,. Moreover, some certain technologies can produce a series of cost efficient second products such as vitrol and compound fertilizers. Pretreatment is best method to control the sulfur dioxide, personally. Not only because the FeS2 can be separated from the coal ore easily, but also FeS2 can be another useful materials in industry. Because of the characters of coal mines, the associate ore of coal is FeS2 generally. As a result the FeS2 ore occupies a big part of coal mines in anywhere of the world, and the FeS2 ore is the most common material of puddling. So the pretreatment is a both efficient and financial approach. Fluidized bed is the second steps of the whole sulfur dioxide, the absobents of fluidized bed are very cheap and common. So this technology resently is used widly in the countries which are occupying a roomy area such as China and American as a normal skill. And such technology is extraordinary suit for the large-scale factories. Afterburning absorbing is the most efficient way to control the sulfur dioxide discharging regardless of the concentration. The ultimate consistence of SO2 in off gas which is disposed by the afterburning absorbing usually is less than 5%. In summary, the technologys resent used in the SO2 control are highly mature, however there are still some disadvantages can not be ignored. Disadvantages Although pretreatment is the most efficient and financial method to control the sulfur dioxide, it has the deadliest defect: the restriction of area. Because of the difference of the organization of coal ore in different area, such technology disables to be spreaded. For the fluidized bed the problems are secondary products and the processing ratio.When the chalks go into the boiler the active principle, CaCO3 would be resolve into CaO and CO2. The burned CO2 would sepatate out and enlarge the interspace on the CaO to form the lacunose CaO which can response with the SO2 easily. However it is impossible to make all of the CaO be the CaSO4, because the sulphating would make the interspace fullfilled by CaSO4. As a result the most chalks would not response with the SO2 and a great deal of chalks are wasted. Moreover, the secondary products are the mixture of CaSO4, CaO and CaCO3, so that the only way to manage them is dumping which may cause the salinized land. Afterburning absorbing is an efficient approach including wet limestone, wet soda ash/caustic lime spray dryer, circulating lime reactor and sodium bicarbonate/trona injection to control the SO2,however, it also has irrefusable disadvantages: the finance. After the advanced two step there is a lot of SO2 in the offgas, most of which is CO2, so that afterburning absorbing usually is extremely expensive. Moreover such technology has a great deal of problems such as the corrosion on equipments, pipeline blocking and the lack of material use ratio. Discussion Rationale Personally, the basic method to control the sulfur dioxide from the coal, is to separate the sulfur element from the coal ore before burning. In other words, to forbide the shaping of sulfur dioxide is the best way to control it .This kind of ideas is not impossible. If we can make most of the sulfur element separated from the coal before burned into sulfur dioxide, we do not need the afterburn aborbing. Personally people should use another aspect to think about the coal burning. The coal ore is consist of FeS2, ash content and organic organizations. After the pretreatment, almost all of the FeS2 would be remove out of the coal ore, so most of the substance left is organics and ash content. In the fluidized bed, the coal would be transfor into gas, the majority of which is CO2 and sulfide gas. Fortunately the CO2 molecule organizationis nonpolar, and the most of sulfide gas is polar molecule, such as SO2. As we know gaseous phase and solid phase do not have the material difference, nowdays the magnetic force is used widely in the solid waste control. So it is possible that use the magnetic force in separating two kinds of gas which have differences in magnetism. Problems may meet and solution The biggest problem people may meet is the differences between CO2 and sulfur dioxide are too small. This kind of force is only a little bigger than VDW(Van der Waals force), it is impossible to separate all of the CO2 and sulfide gas completely. The method to solve this problem actually is very easy, which is magnify the differences of force suffered. As we know, at the same temperature and pession, the density of SO2 is bigger than that of CO2, that means the climbing velocity of CO2 is bigger than SO2. All the factories need chimneys which are used to let the off gas to upper atmosphere to forbid the impact on daily life. If we add a magnetic field at the bottom of the chimney, it is sure that CO2 would climb up much faster than SO2. That means we can magnify the differences of suffered force between SO2 and CO2. The second problem of this opinion is how to gather the SO2. In my way, it is still to use the magnetic force. The chimney in my plan is not simple one, it should the a concentric tube. There would be a lot of interspace all over the inside tube, which is used to separate the SO2 from the off gas. In the whole chimney, there would be a magnetic field, so that SO2 in the off gas would suffer the magnetic force which is able to make the SO2 run over the inside tube. The outside tube is obfurage, so that SO2 would not be discharged into the atmosphere. The last problem is finance. It seems that the technologies and skills used nowdays play a better role in financial problems than the method mentioned above due to the high cost of basic built and daily power consumption. Although I can not submit the compellent datas about the basic built and daily consumption, I strongly believe that it performs better on the finance than the technologies and skills used now. Most skills of afterburning absorb would consume 15% electronic of the total vield for power plant. That means only 85% power is useful. On the other hand the power consumed in establishing magnetic field is obviously much less. All the power plants in the world would have chimneys, so the basic building cost would not be unacceptable. Furthurmore the secondary product: sulfur dioxide is the resource of manufacturing vitriol. In my opinion, the consumption in power even would be less than the money earned from the secondary product. Advantages and disadvantages In comparison of any other technologies and skills, the ultimate advantage of magnetic force is no secondary pollution. No matter what kind of skills used now have the problem of secondary pollution, such as the mixture of CaCO3 and CaSO4. These substances can not be recycled and do not have financial values, the simple managements such as landfill may cause the salinization and soil erosion. On the other side the secondary products of the magnetic method is the mixture of SO2 and CO2. This mixture is able to react with O2 under the catalysis of V2O5 to produce vitriol which can be the chemical engineering material. Furthurmore, this approach is extremely suitable for the Third World Countries. As we know, because of the financial problems the environmental problems in the Third World Countries usually are usually negelected. Controlling the sulfur dioxide is a heavy burdon on the companies and coutries of the Third World. If they can gain economic benefits from controlling SO2, it i s obvious that there would not be any problems on the popularize in the Third World countries. However, it also has some problems the most evident one is the problem of strainaway rate. Due to the restriction of circumstance, I can not do any experiment until now, so nobody knows how much the strainaway rate is. The most urgent and effective solution is doing experiments. Any valuable and successful technologies and skills are based on doing a mass of experiment to find problems and change the process. Moreover it seems that to reach the target mentioned above, there would be a simple but endless process, that means it is only suitable to the sweeping factories. Conclusion In conclusion, the way that author put forward obviously is a new aspect to regard the control of sulfur dioxide. After more than 100 years research on the traditional methods, they are all extremely ripe and difficult to improve. The magenic approach has the innate superiorities in comparision of the traditional ways. It is a definit physical technology which means there would not be any new extra pllutant to harm the environment. Moreover compared with the other new methods researched now, it is incredible convinient. All the basic building can be remaked from the existing equipments such as chimney and fluidized bed. In developing countries such as China and Africa countries which are not willing to pay attention on the environmenal protection, this technology can improve their enthusiasm, because they can gain a high economical benefits from the secondary products: vitrial with only a little investment. Although there are still some undeniable problems on this magenic way, it mus t be a valuable toward to research. The method mentioned in this paper is based on the 4 years experience in studying environmental subject of the author. Although the perspective and theoretical knowledge are sometimes naive and idealize, I strongly believe that this method must be valuable. Not only because the method itself, but also the aspect to deliberate and research. Environmental science is a wide ranged major which is not restricted in chemistry or biology, but also physics, physical chemistry, manage and biochemistry. The workers of protecting environment should expanse their own field of vision to all the relational knowledge instead of the major itself. In this career, not matter the organizations and physical properties, not matter the fields people consentrate on, as environment protection workers, we can all learn a lot of things and acquire inspiration from the whole science and engineering region.

Law in Ancient Egypt Essay -- Ancient Egyptian Law

Rarely is there enough information about ancient cultures to satisfy contemporary interest. This is especially true of ancient Egypt and particularly of ancient Egyptian law. The civilization that left so many grand edifices dedicated to its gods and kings left little evidence of the laws those gods and king laid down. This dearth of evidence paired with the absence of a written code of law makes some scholars skeptical of speaking of Egyptian law as law in a proper sense (Thà ©odoridà ¨s 291). But if one reviews what we do know about this aspect of ancient Egyptian society, the missing code fades away as a problem even if it does not evaporate completely. Most of what we do know comes from fragmentary legal documents and stories from tomb inscriptions. We have contracts for the exchange of goods and property as well as partial records of court hearings. We also have stories, some perhaps apocryphal, about the treatment of ordinary subjects of the king and the actions of the king himself. What we lack, unfortunately, is a written legal code for the ancient Egyptians of the Pharaonic Period. The Ptolemaic Dynasty, an Hellenic dynasty that ruled over Egypt in the last few centuries of the first millennium B.C., did have a written law of sorts, but Eyre describes this as more of handbook for judges (92). Before them, it is reported that the Persians under Darius commissioned the laws of Egypt to be written down (Thà ©odoridà ¨s 319). Diodorus, a Greek historian writing in the first century B.C., says that there was a codex written before the Persian occupation of Egypt. Yet we have not found a single copy of the codex he alleges existed. Supposing that this codex did exist at some point in Pharaonic Egypt, there is som... ... periods of history. The king often acted as a protector of his subjects, enacting reforms when abuses came to light. For all the skepticism of scholars regarding treatment of ancient Egyptian as law proper, a layperson of the twenty-first century A.D. would find the Egyptian justice system during its best period very familiar. Works Cited Erman, Adolf. Life in Ancient Egypt. Trans. H.M. Tirard. New York: Dover, 1971. Eyre, C.J. "Crime and Adultery in Ancient Egypt." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. Vol. 70. (1984): 92-105. Shupak, Nili. "A New Source for the Study of the Judiciary and Law of Ancient Egypt: "The Tale of the Eloquent Peasant"." Journal of Near Eastern Studies. Vol. 51.No. 1 (1992): 1-18. Thà ©odoridà ¨s, Aristide. "The Concept of Law in Ancient Egypt." The Legacy of Ancient Egypt. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University, 1971. 291-322.

Comparing Women´s Images in The Yellow Wallpaper and The Awakening :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Women ´s Images in The Yellow Wallpaper and The Awakening The aim of this essay is analyse women ´s images in The Yellow Wallpaper and in The Awakening, since the two readings have become the focus of feminist controversy. Both stories were written by women, Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Kate Chopin. But is this fact important to understand the aim of every story? Would they have had the same effect if the had been written by men? I will explore these matters. I also considered it could be rather interesting to study and compare how heroines act, how they are constricted by patriarchy, how their husbands treat them, and if they triumph or not, in every story. There is no doubt that the literary written by men and women is different. One source of difference is the sex. A woman is born a woman in the same sense as a man is born a man. Certainly one source of difference is biological, by virtue of which we are male and female. â€Å"A woman ´s writing is always femenine† says Virginia Woolf But we all know that Western societies have normally divided many human activities labelling some of them as masculine and others as feminine. So women are naturally femenine, and men are naturally masculine, and this fact should be reflected in their writings. I don ´t agree with this assertion, a woman is naturally female, and by means of every culture, she is femenine. The same happens with men. According to nature all human beings should write in the same way, but according to culture women are forced to write in a different way. And this difference â€Å"must be sought ( in Miller ´s words) in the body of her writing and not the writing of her body† ( Showalter:252) The two stories I am going to study were written by women. I think it is virtually imposible to tell, without previous knowledge, that these stories were written by female authors. Virginia Woolf says that â€Å" the first words in which either a man or a woman is described are generally enough to determine the sex of the writer† . I don ´t agree with this point, that is very difficult, and it must be also very difficult for specialists. But I must say that there are always something inherently different. Women have a different way of viewing the world, because of the culture not the nature. They tend to write diaries, autobiographies, poetry†¦because the cultural context in which they write asks for that kind of literature .

Hamlet Act Iv Summaries and Laertes Analysis

Hamlet Act IV Scene 1 Summary:After Gertrude's conversation with Hamlet, Gertrude is startled and worried, so she goes to Claudius while he is speaking to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. After Rosencrantz and Guildenstern leave, Claudius asks Gertrude how Hamlet was, and Gertrude replies that he is as â€Å"Mad as the sea and wind when both contend/ Which is the mightier† (IV. 1. 7-8). Gertrude then tells Claudius that Hamlet has killed Polonius, and Claudius notes that if it had been him behind the curtains, Hamlet would have killed him.Claudius then tells Gertrude that they must send Hamlet to England right away and find a way to explain Hamlet's act. He then calls for Rosencrantz and Guildenstern again and tells them about the murder and tells them to find Hamlet. Hamlet Act IV Scene 2 Summary:In Act IV Scene 2, Hamlet has just disposed of Polonius's body. Shortly after, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern enter and ask Hamlet what he has done with the body. They tell him that they want to bury him in the chapel. Hamlet refuses to answer them and instead accuses them of being spies for Claudius.Finally, Hamlet agrees to go with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to Claudius. Hamlet Act IV Scene 3 Summary: In Act IV Scene 3, Claudius speaks to a group of two or three other people about the murder of Polonius and how he plans to send Hamlet to England because he is too dangerous. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern then enter with Hamlet, who says that Polonius is at a supper in which he is being eaten by worms. Finally, Hamlet admits that Polonius's body is under the stairs in the lobby, so Claudius tells his attendants to go find the body.The King then tells Hamlet that he must leave for England immediately, and Hamlet, pleased, leaves. When Claudius is alone, he says that he hopes that England will put Hamlet to death. Grace Miao Ms. Gordon European Literature 18th November, 2012 Hamlet Act IV Scene 4 Summary: In Act IV Scene 4, Fortinbras leads his army to Poland. He tel ls the Captain to go ask the Danish King if they may travel through Denmark safely. On the way to the King Claudius, the Captain meets Hamlet, Rosencrantz, and Guildenstern. Hamlet asks what the army is doing and who it belongs to.The Captain replies that the army belongs to Prince Fortinbras of Norway and that they are heading to Poland to attack the Poles. When Hamlet asked what the purpose of the attack is, the Captain replied that it was over â€Å"a little patch of ground/ That hath in it no profit but the name† (IV. 4. 19-20). Hamlet becomes shocked that a battle could be fought over something so insignificant and notes that his revenge on Claudius gives him more to gain than Fortinbras would gain from the land. Hamlet becomes angry with himself for giving up on his revenge and declares that his thoughts will be bloody or else they will be worth nothing.Hamlet Act IV Scene 5 Summary:In Act IV Scene 5, Gertrude says to a gentleman and Horatio that she does not wish to sp eak to Ophelia; however, Horatio tells her that Ophelia should be pitied because her grief has made her mad, so Gertrude finally agrees. When Ophelia enters, she is singing. When Claudius enters, he says that Ophelia's grief is caused by the death of her father and that many other people have been disturbed and suspicious of Polonius's death. He also says that Laertes has sailed back to Denmark secretly. Laertes then enters with a mob of people who call him lord and say that he will be king.Laertes is furious and exclaims that he will avenge his father's death. When Ophelia, still mad, enters again, Laertes becomes furious again. Claudius tries to calm Laertes down and tells him that he did not kill Polonius and that Laertes should take revenge on the correct person. Claudius then manages to convince Laertes to listen to his version ceof Polonius's death. Grace Miao Ms. Gordon European Literature 18th November, 2012 Laertes' Character Analysis Act IV Scene 5 1. In order for an actor to understand Laertes better in Act IV Scene 5, the actor must understand how Laertes acts as a foil for Hamlet.In this scene Laertes, like Hamlet, has a father's death to avenge. The difference, however, is that Laertes is active and does not think deeply about the method whereas Hamlet was passive and a man of thought. (IV. 5. 151-154). 2. Laertes' motivation and objective in this scene is to avenge his father's death by murdering whoever killed Polonius because he is furious over his father's death and Ophelia's insane state of mind. (IV. 5. 237-242). 3. Laertes is furious that his father has been murdered. (IV. 5. 151-154). He is also extremely angry over the fact that Ophelia has gone mad because of grief. (IV. 5. 78-187). 4. When Laertes storms in demanding for his father, Claudius attempts to calm him down by replying that Polonius is dead. (IV. 5. 145). Gertrude tries to soothe Laertes by replying that Claudius did not kill him. (IV. 5. 146). 5. Laertes affects the events i n Act IV Scene 5 by setting the play up for the scene in which most of the action will take place. He is prepared to murder whoever killed his father and made his sister insane. (IV. 5. 237-242). He is affected by the events of the scene because he is told that his father is dead and then sees his sister wander in acting mad. This makes him furious. . Laertes acts as a foil to Hamlet in this scene because both have a father's death to avenge; however, Laertes is a man of action while Hamlet is a man of thought. The second Laertes realized that his father was dead, he becomes furious and vows to take bloody revenge. Hamlet, on the other hand, was passive and depressed after he realized that his father was dead. It also took Hamlet a lot longer to be ready to take revenge. (IV. 5. 151-154). 7. When we saw Laertes last, he was calmer. Laertes has changed in that in this scene, he is angry over the death of his father and the insane state of mind of his sister. IV. 5. 149-151). This cha nge helps set the action of the play in motion because Laertes is planning to take revenge for his father's death. 8. This act makes me wonder how Laertes will react when he realizes that it was Hamlet who murdered his father because earlier in the play, Laertes told Ophelia to be careful of Hamlet. In this act, Hamlet also indirectly made Ophelia go mad because of grief, so Laertes may react stronger because it was Hamlet's doing. 9. When Laertes says, â€Å"To hell, allegiance! Vows, to the blackest devil! / Conscience and grace, to the profoundest pit! I dare damnation.To this point I stand,/ That both the worlds I give to negligence,/ Let come what comes, only I'll be revenged/ Most throughly for my father† (IV. 5. 149-154), it demonstrates the difference between Laertes and Hamlet because this line accentuates how Laertes is a man of action. Immediately, Laertes declares that he will avenge his father's murder while Hamlet went through a long period of depression before he finally decided to take action. Grace Miao Ms. Gordon European Literature 19th November, 2012 Hamlet Act IV Scene 6 Summary: In Act IV Scene 6, Horatio meets two sailors who were entrusted with a letter from Hamlet.In the letter, Hamlet writes that his ship has been captured by pirates who then brought him back to Denmark. Hamlet then tells Horatio to escort the sailors to the King and Queen because they have messages for them as well. He then says that he has a lot to tell Horatio about Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. After reading the letter, Horatio brings the sailors to Claudius and then goes with them to find Hamlet, who is revealed to be in the countryside near the castle. Hamlet Act IV Scene 7 Summary:In Act IV Scene 7, Claudius and Laertes discuss Polonius's murder. Claudius tells Laertes that Claudius simply buried Polonius secretly.He then explains to Laertes that he did not punish Hamlet for the murder because Gertrude and the citizens like Hamlet, and he does not wish t o upset them as King. A messenger then enters to give Claudius a letter from Hamlet that stated that Hamlet was returning to Denmark. Claudius and Laertes then begin planning Laertes's revenge for his father's death. Claudius remembers how Hamlet had been jealous of Laertes's sword skills, so he tells Laertes to challenge Hamlet to a duel. During the duel, Laertes will use a sharpened sword rather than the traditional dull sword.Laertes is also going to put poison at the end of the sword so that a single scratch from it would kill Hamlet. Claudius then comes up with a back-up plan in which if Hamlet wins, Claudius will give Hamlet a goblet of poisoned wine to celebrate. After this, Gertrude enters and tells them that Ophelia has drowned in a river due to her insane state of mind. Grace Miao Mrs. Gordon European Literature 24th November, 2012 Laertes's Character Analysis Act IV Scene 7 1. In order for an actor to understand Laertes better, he must understand the anger that Laertes fe els towards Hamlet for murdering his father.Because of this, the actor must understand how Laertes felt extremely happy to hear that Hamlet was returning home. (IV. 7. 60-63). He must also understand the grief and rage that must have been going through Laertes when he was told that Ophelia had drowned in a river due to her grief. (IV. 7. 211-217). 2. In Act IV Scene 7, Laertes's objective is to murder Hamlet. Throughout most of the scene, Laertes was plotting his revenge with Claudius. The motivation behind his objective is the death of his father. He wishes to take revenge on whoever murdered his father and caused his sister to go mad. IV. 7. 159-168). 3. Laertes feels extremely happy that Hamlet is returning to Denmark because it allows him to take his revenge for his father earlier. (IV. 7. 60-63). When he finds out that his sister drowned in a river due to grief, however, he becomes saddened and angry again, and possibly even more intent on taking revenge than before. (IV. 7. 15 9-168). 4. Claudius treats Laertes carefully and helps Laertes plot his revenge because he also wants to kill Hamlet. He suggests that Laertes tempt Hamlet into a sword duel, thus providing Laertes a chance to kill Hamlet.He also prepares a backup plan in which he will poison a cup of wine in case Hamlet wins. (IV. 7. 108-120). Laertes appears to have on particular feeling towards Claudius, but he feels extremely angry towards Hamlet and is happy that Hamlet is returning early because he can now take revenge earlier than previously planned. (IV. 7. 60-63). 5. Laertes plans his revenge for his father's death in this scene. This helps build up most of the action that will take place in the next act. This also prepares many of the other characters for their deaths.Laertes is affected by events in this scene because Hamlet's arrival to Denmark helps set his plan in motion earlier than planned. (IV. 7. 60-63). Ophelia's death also increases his anger towards Hamlet and motivation for rev enge. (IV. 7. 211-217). 6. This scene helps portray Laertes as a foil for Hamlet because it took Hamlet an extremely long time to be ready to take revenge for his father's death, whereas Laertes was ready to kill Hamlet even without a true plan. Laertes was so willing to kill Hamlet whenever possible that he was even willing to kill Hamlet in church. (IV. 7. 143). 7.There was not a significant change in Laretes in this scene as compared to scene 5 because in both scenes, Laertes' was extremely angry over his father's death. In this scene, however, Laertes found out who killed his father and is now ready to take revenge. Also, Laertes is further saddened in this scene due to Ophelia's death. (IV. 7. 211-217). 8. This act makes me wonder if Laertes will react even stronger towards Hamlet because Hamlet indirectly caused Ophelia's death as well. (IV. 7. 211-217). I also wonder how Laertes feels about Claudius's willingness to help him plot out his revenge.I wonder if Laertes feels susp icious about it at all or if he is blinded by his anger and need for revenge. 9. When Laertes answered Claudius's question of how he plans to kill Hamlet by saying, â€Å"To cut his throat i' th' church† (IV. 7. 144), it is revealed how Laertes is truly a man of action as compared to Hamlet because Laertes is so furious over his father's death that he is willing to kill Hamlet in such a sacred place. This supports the idea that Laertes is a foil for Hamlet because Hamlet went through a stage of depression before he was ready to plan his revenge.Another line that further supports the idea of Laertes acting as a foil for Hamlet is when Laertes says, â€Å"I am lost in it, my lord. But let him come. / It warms the very sickness in my heart/ That I [shall] live and tell him to his teeth/ â€Å"Thus didst thou† (IV. 7. 60-63). By saying this, Laertes is desplaying his happiness over the fact that Hamlet is returning early. This shows that Laertes is a man of action, not a man of thought, because he simply cares about the fact that he gets to complete his revenge earlier than originally planned.

Greece Economics

Greece is fundamentally a Parliamentary state with President as the Head of state. The president is elected by the parliament for a period of 5 years. Powers of President mostly include ceremonious duties like declaration on war, signing peace treaties etc. The members of parliament are elected through general elections held every four years or earlier if the previous parliament is dissolved. Prime Minister (PM), head of government, is generally the leader of party having majority of seats in Parliament. President appoints other Ministers of cabinet on the recommendations of the PM.PM and the cabinets are responsible for running the country (â€Å"Central and South-Eastern Europe† 288). The Phenylalanine Socialist Movement (PASO), New Democracy (ND), Political Spring, Communist Party of Greece (EKE), and the Coalition of the Left (SYNOPSIS'S) are major political parties in Greece. Legislative powers lie with president and parliament and a law is passed if It is voted by 2/3 of the members of parliament. The Judicial system comprises of civil and administrative courts. Jurisdiction of Civil court includes civil and criminal cases whereas administrative courts settle the cases between citizens and the state.The politics of Greece is marked with overthrown leaders, military governance and dissolved or coalition government. In 1975, the country experienced some civil reforms and a new constitution In place. PASO has emerged as the dominant political party In Greece during last 3 decades. The party after Its reelection In 2000 Increased spending to recover economy and provide basic facilities of better health, education and better bob opportunities to Its citizen (Puddingstone, Plano, Number 288) ECONOMIC TRENDS For more than a decade, extensive borrowing and spending by the government has led the country Into public debt crisis.Tax evasion rampant In Greece that translated added to government's budget deficit. After Joining Euro Zone (EX.) In 2001 , Investme nt capital and government loan Increased based on the strength of Euro. To retain Grace's membership In EX., government paid International Investment Institutes In billions of dollar to hide Its actual debts levels and spending. In 2010, Global economic crawls revealed that since It's Joggling EX. Greece has never met the required stability criteria. The debt crisis was further worsened when the government Issued more bonds for sale In March 2010 (the Rezone Debt Crawls† 1).Later It was disclosed that foreign banks and Investors held 70% of Greek public bonds. As reported by B. B. C In Mid-2010, EX. and MIFF provided Greek with ? ¬110 bailout endeavors came with conditions like austerity measures, prolongation of government assets and structural reforms. The country also fear an exit from the Euro Zone with It current debt at 180% of the GAP. The government In order to benefit from bailouts and keep Itself from defaulting has agreed to abide by the austerity measures.

Computer Science Essay

â€Å"Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful†. My academic performance has been consistently above average, which was duly recognized by the College when I was presented the Good Result for my performance in the PUC. My Pre University(PU) course played a key role in laying a Accounting which enabled me to develop a puc courses oriented outlook and encouraged me to pursue Undergraduate education. I stressed on acquiring basic knowledge during my Pre University (PU) studies to strengthen my belief that a concrete foundation is essential for a prosperous career. I yearned to equip myself with cutting edge Business and Accounting concept in order to deal with enormous and multifaceted growth Business and Accounting. The mercurial growth in the communications has been fascinating me right from my pre university days. I always found it very interesting to untangle the complex web of communications, fiber optics. A career in communication is something that, I have always dreamt of. As it absolutely necessary for everyone to be acquainted with computers, I have earned the knowledge of ‘C’ and ‘C++’. My field of interest lies in communication, fiber optics. Though right now I am applying for the Undergraduate program, I would like to continue my study in this field to attain my goal in your esteemed university. In college, I have given seminars in my class on various topics. This experience convinced me that I have good communication skills. I have participated in youth festivals and college fetes which have enhanced my ability to effectively get into a team, but at the same time retain individuality. With this ambition I am confident that my academic capability and analytical skills coupled with my perseverance and single minded devotion will see me through to this goal. Given a chance, I am confident that my potential will be reflected in my Undergraduate studies and I will live up to high standards of your Undergraduate program. I am really interested in Chester University as it is one of the renowned Universities in UK. It offers excellent programmes bridging the gap between theory and practice. The opinion of its learned faculty on wide ranging topics is sought globally. Strong links and regular interaction with industry and business enables it to offer teaching latest global trends and needs. So I believe the confidence and exposure which I would acquire from my education in UK will help me to be more successful in today’s business world. Its simulating environment will provide me ample scope for over all developments and bring out the best in me.